1. Rescue: Leave the poisonous scene as soon as possible, transfer to fresh air, untie the collar and trouser belt, remove mouth and nose secretions, and keep breathing smooth. Respiratory and cardiac arrest patients are given artificial respiration or endotracheal intubation, and respiratory stimulants are injected. And pay attention to heat preservation.
2. Oxygen supply: Hyperbaric oxygen has the best efficacy. However, the effect of poisoning for more than 36 hours is minimal. If hyperbaric oxygen equipment is not available, oxygen should be administered with a mask or nasal cannula with an oxygen concentration > 60% (no more than 24 hours).
3. Prevention and treatment of cerebral edema: use hypertonic dehydrating agents such as 20% mannitol 250ml intravenously, which can be repeated 1-2 times in 8-12 hours, and can be alternated with furosemide and dexamethasone 10-30mg intravenous injection in fractions.
4. Blood transfusion or blood exchange: It can rapidly increase oxyhemoglobin and improve tissue hypoxia, and for patients with severe coma, under the premise of stable blood pressure, 300-400ml of blood can be bleeded, and the blood is bright red after oxygenation under strict aseptic operating conditions. If there are no of the above conditions or blood pressure is not suitable for bloodletting. 200-400ml of fresh whole blood can be injected.
5. Improve cerebral circulation: low-molecular-weight dextran 500ml/day intravenous drip, treatment course 5~7 days or 0.1% procaine 500ml, intravenous infusion, drip within 2~4 hours, once a day, treatment course 5~7 days.
6. Improve brain tissue metabolism: intravenous infusion of cytochrome C30-60mg/day (pay attention to skin test), 10-20ml of brain activator placed in 250ml of normal saline once a day, 7-10 days as a course of treatment. Citicoline 400-600 mg intravenously once a day, and high-dose vitamins C and B.
7. Artificial hibernation: suitable for patients with high fever and convulsions, which can increase the brain's tolerance to oxygen.
8. Prevent secondary infection: Strengthen oral and general care to prevent bedsores. Give sensitive antibiotics in time in the event of infection.
9. Acupuncture therapy: It has a good effect on general poisoning symptoms, placing the patient in a fresh air environment, acupuncture Hegu, Taiyang, Lily, Shaoshang, Yongquan as the main acupoints, and using Touwei, Chengpul, Dumen, Fengfu, Zhongchong, Taichong, Quchi, Zusanli, etc. as the matching acupoints, each acupuncture with 2-5 acupoints or more. According to the condition, choose a stimulation technique, leave the needle for 20-40 minutes, and twist the needle every 3-5 minutes.